Ilimaussaq-Komplex

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Geologie und Geographie

Die Ilimaussaq-Intrusion ist ein 17 x 8 km großer ovaler Körper. Der Fjord Tunugdliarfik (Eriksfjord) durchschneidet die Intrusion. Die Mitte des Ovals liegt etwa 11 km östlich vom Ort Narssaq. Das Aufschlussgebiet ist kaum bewachsen und stark verwittert. Das Terrain steigt von Südosten nach Nordwesten an. Der höchste Punkt ist der Berg Ilimaussaq mit 1390 m.

Der südliche Teil des Komplexes durchdringt den Julianehåb-Granit; der nördliche dazu basaltische Laven und kontinentale Sandsteine, die den Granit bedecken.

Fundstellen

In der ganzen Intrusion kann man Mineralien finden. Besonders zu erwähnen ist die Insel Igdlutalik an der Südspitze Grönlands. Der Geologe Upton aus England entdeckte 1974 einen Trachytgang von 20 x 50 m. Das Gestein besteht aus Aegirin und Albit. Mineralien von hier sind Narsarsukit und Emeleusit.

Mineralien

Ilimaussaq ist das mineralienreichste Gebiet von ganz Grönland - hier gibt es über 200 verschiedene Arten. Über die Hälfte davon sind Silikate.

31 Mineralien haben in Ilimaussaq Typlokalität.

Gesteinsbildende Mineralien sind Alkalifeldspat, Nephelin, Sodalith, Arfvedsonit, Aegirin und Eudialyt. Besondere Elemente sind Li, Be, SEE, Zr, Nb, Th, U. Allgemein sind F, Cl und S sehr häufig. Es gibt mehr natriumreiche Mineralien als kaliumreiche. Die meisten Mineralien kommen in Pegmatiten, hydrothermalen Gängen, Trümer und Flecken vor.

Quellenangaben:

• Andersen, E. Krogh, M. Danø & O.V. Petersen (1969). A Tetragonal Natrolite. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(10).
• Andersen, S. (1967). On beryllite and bertrandite from the Ilimaussaq alkaline intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(4), 2. del. 3 eks.
• Andersen, S. (1967). On beryllite and bertrandite from the Ilimaussaq alkaline intrusion, S Greenland. Min. Geol. Museum Univ., Copenhagen, Contr. Miner. 60. Repr. Meddelelser om Grønland 181(4 2.del).
• Bailey, J.C., H. Bohse, R. Gwozdz & J. Rose-Hansen (1993). Li in minerals from the Ilimaussaq alkaline intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser fra Dansk Geol. Forening/Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark. 40, 288-99.
• Bailey, J.C. & Gwozdz, R. (1994). Li distribution in aegirine lujavrite, Ilimaussaq alkaline intrusion, S Greenland: Role of cumulus and post-cumulus processes. Lithos. 31, 207-25.
• Bailey, J.C., L.M. Larsen & H. Sørensen (eds.) (1981). The Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland, a progress report on geology, mineralogy, geochemistry and econ. geol. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Rapp. 103.
• Bøggild, O.B. & C. Winther (1899). On some minerals from the Nepheline-syenite at Julianehaab, Greenland coll. G. Flink, p.II. Meddelelser om Grønland, 24(1), 181-213. (epistolite, britholite, schizolite and steenstrupite)
• Boggild, O.B. (1899). Epistolit. Meddr Gronland, 24, p.II, 183-90. (Typ-Publ.)
• Bøggild, O.B. (1905). Mineralogia Groenlandica. Meddelelser om Grønland. 32.
• Boggild, O.B. (1915). Leifit. Meddr Gronland 51, 427-33. (Typ-Publ.)
• Bøggild, O.B. (1933). Igalikite and Naujakasite, two new Minerals from S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 92(9). (Typ-Publ.)
• Bøggild, O.B. (1953). The Mineralogy of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 149(3).
• Bohse, H., C.K. Brooks & H. Kunzendorf (1971). Field observations on the kakortokites of the Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Rapp. 38
• Bollingberg, H. & O.V. Petersen (1967). Genthelvite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(4 1.del). 3 eks. (Typ-Publ.)
• Bollingberg, H. & O.V. Petersen (1967). Genthelvite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Min. Geol. Museum Univ., Copenhagen, Contr. Min.. 60. Repr. Meddelelser om Grønland 181(4 1.del).
• Bondam, J. & J. Ferguson (1962). An Occurrence of Villiaumite in the Ilîmaussaq Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 172(2).
• Bondam, J. & H. Sørensen (1959). Uraniferous Nepheline syenites and related rocks in the Ilimaussaq area, Julianehaab District, SW Greenland. Proc. 2. UN Geneva Conf. peaceful uses of atomic energy. 2, 555-59.
• Borst, A.M., H. Friis, T. Andersen, T.F.D. Nielsen, T.E. Waight, M.A. Smit (2016): Zirconosilicates in the kakortokites of the Ilímaussaq complex, South Greenland: Implications for fluid evolution and high-field-strength and rare-earth element mineralization in agpaitic systems. Min. Mag, Vol.80, S.5-30.
• Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1865). Aenigmatit. Berg- und Hüttenm.Ztg. 24, 397-98. (Typ-Publ.)
• Brooke, H.S. (1823). Arfvedsonit. Ann.Phil. 5, 381-84. (Typ-Publ.)
• Buchwald, V. & H. Sørensen (1961). An Autoradiographic Examination of Rocks and Minerals from the Ilîmaussaq Batholith, SW Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 162(11).
• Danø, M., Sørensen, H. (1959): An examination of the rare minerals from the Nepheline Syenites of SW Greenland, Meddelelser om Grønland, Vol. 162, Nr.5, Reitzels Forlag København.
• Engell, J., J. Hansen, M. Jensen, H. Kuzendorf & L. Lovborg (1971). Beryllium mineralization in the Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Rap. 33.
• Ferguson, J. (1964). Geology of the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland: Descri.Map and Structure. Meddelelser om Grønland. 172(4).
• Ferguson, J. (1970). The Significance of the Kakortokite in the Evolution of the Ilîmaussaq Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland). 190(1).
• Flink, G.; Bøggild, O.B. & Winther, C. 1899. Undersøgelser af Mineraler fra Julianehaab indsamlede af G. Flink 1897. Bianco Lunos Kgl. Hof-Bogtrykkeri (F. Dreyer), Kjøbenhavn.
• Friis, H., Makovicky, E., Weller, M.T. and Lemée-Cailleau, M.-H. (2010). Bohseite, IMA 2010-026. CNMNC Newsl., S.800; Min. Mag., 74, 797-800. (Typ-Publ.)
• Hamilton, E.I. (1964). The Geochemistry of the N Part of the Ilîmaussaq Intrusion, SW Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 162(10).
• Hansen, J. (1968). A Study of Radioactive Veins containing rare-earth Minerals in the Area surrounding the Ilîmaussuaq Alkaline Intrusion in S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(8)
• Hansen, J. (1968). Niobium mineralisation in the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, SW Greenland. Rep.23rd Int. geol. congr. Czech. 7, 263-73.
• Karup-Møller, S. (1974). Mineralogy of two copper-antimony-sulphide-oxide occurrences from the Ilimaussaq alkaline intrusion in S Greenland. N. Jb. Min., Abh. 122(3), 291-313.
• Karup-Møller, S. (1978). The ore minerals of the Ilimaussaq intrusion: their mode of occurrence and their conditions of formation. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Bull. 127.
• Karup-Møller, S, L. Løkkegaard, E.I. Semenov & H. Sørensen (1978). Cuprostibite and associated minerals of the Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Bull. 126.
• Lorenzen, J. (1882): On some minerals from the Sodalite-Syenite in Julianehaab district, S Greenland, Min. Mag. and J. Miner. Soc. Great Britain and Ireland, No 23, Vol. V, 49-70.
• Matsubara, Mandarino, Semenov (2001). Orthojoaquinit-(La). Can. Min. 39, 757. (Typ-Publ.)
• Micheelsen, H.I. & O.V. Petersen (1971). Leifit. Bull.Geol.Soc.Denmark, 20, 134-51. (Erneute Untersuchung)
• Moorbath, S., R.K. Webster & J.W. Morgan (1960). Absolute Age Determination in SW Greenland: The Julianehaab Granite, the Ilímaussaq Batholith and the Kûngnât Syenite Complex. Meddelelser om Grønland. 162 (9, S.I)
• Nielsen, B.L. & A. Steenfelt (1979). Intrusive events at Kvanefjeld in the Ilimaussaq igneous complex. Meddelelser fra Dansk Geol. Forening/ Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark. 27, 145-55.
• Oen Ing Soen & H. Sørensen (1964). The Occurrence of Nickel-Arsenides and Nickel-Antimonide at Igdlúnguaq, in the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Massif, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 172(1).
• Pekov, Chukanov, Petersen, Zadov, Yamnova, Kabalov, Schneider (2002). Karupmøllerit-Ca. N.Jb. Miner., Mh, 433. (Typ-Publ.)
• Petersen, O.V., Secher, K. (1984). Grönland Mineralien, Geologie, Geschichte; Magma Sonderh. Grönland: 6.
• Petersen, O.V. (1967). The Mineralogy of Naujakasite. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(6).
• Petersen, O.V. (1995): Alkaline mineralforekomster i syd og syd-vest Grønland. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 9, 7-17.
• Petersen, O.V. & S. Andersen (1975). The crystal habit of Naujakasite. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Bull. 116, 5-9.
• Petersen, O.V., J.G. Rønsbo, E.S. Leonhardsen, O. Johnsen, H. Bollingberg & J. Rose-Hansen (1994). Leifite from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, S Greenland. N.Jb.Min., Mh. (2), 83-90.
• Petersen, O.V. & Rønsbo, J.G. (1972). Semenovite - a new mineral from the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion, S Greenland. Min. Geol. Museum of the Univ., Copenhagen, Contr. Min. 85. Repr. Lithos 3, 1972, 163-73.
• Petersen, O.V., Rønsbo, J.G., Leonardsen, E.S., Johnsen, O., Bollingberg, H. and Rose-Hansen, J. (1994): Leifite from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, S Greenland. N. Jb. Min., Mh (6), 254-58.
• Petersen, O.V.; Secher, K. (1984): Grönland, Mineralien, Geologie, Geschichte, Magma 6/84, 20-31.
• Petersen, O.V.; Secher, K. (1993): The minerals of Greenland (Ilimaussaq). Min. Rec. 24(2), 1-65.
• Petersen, O.V. (2001): List of all minerals identified in the Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, S Greenland. Geol. Greenland Survey Bull. 190, 25-33.
• Povarennykh, A.S., A.N. Platonov, A.N. Tarashchan & V. P. Belichenko (1971). The Colour and Luminescence of Tugtupite (Beryllosodalite) from Ilîmaussaq, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(14).
• Rønsbo, J.G. (1989). Coupled substitution involving REEs and Na and Si in apatites in alkaline rocks from the Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland, and the petrological implications. Am. Min. 74, 896-901.
• Ronsbo, J.G., Khomyakov, A.P., Semenov, E.I., Voronkov, A.A., Garanin, N.N. (1980). Vitusit-(Ce). N.Jb.Min.,Abh. 137, 42-53. (Typ-Publ.)
• Semenov, E.I. (1969): Mineralogy of the Ilímaussaq alkaline massif (S Greenland), 165 S. Moscow: Nauka.
• Semenov, E.I., H. Sørensen & Z.T. Katajeva (1968). On the Mineralogy of Pyrochlore from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(7, 2.del).
• Semenov, E.I. & H. Sørensen (1966). Eudidymite and Epididymite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Bull. 63
• Semenov, E.I. & H.Sørensen (1966). Eudidymite and Epididymite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(2)
• Semenov, E.I., M.E. Kazakova & R.A. Aleksandrova (1967). The Lovozero Minerals - Nenadkevichite, Gerassimovskite and Tundrite from Ilîmaussaq, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(5 1.del). (Typ-Publ.)
• Semenov, E.I., M.E. Kazakova & V.J. Bukin (1968). Ilîmaussite, a new rare Earth-Niobium-Barium Silicate from Ilîmaussaq, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(7 1.del). (Typ-Publ.)
• Sobolev, V.S., T.Y. Bazarova, N.A. Shugurova, L.S. Bazarov, Y.U. Dolgov & H. Sørensen (1970). A preliminary Examination of Fluid Inclusions in Nepheline, Sorensenite, Tugtupite and Chkalovite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(11).
• Sood, M.K. & A.D. Edgar (1970). Melting Relations of undersaturated Alkaline Rocks from the Ilîmaussaq Intrusion and Grønnedal-Ika Complex S Greenland, under Water Vapour and controlled Partial Oxygen Pressure. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(12).
• Sørensen, H. (1958). The Ilímaussaq Batholith. A Review and Discussion. Meddelelser om Grønland. 162(3).
• Sørensen, H. (1958). The Ilímaussaq Batholit. A Review and Discusion. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Bull. 19.
• Sørensen, H. (1960). Beryllium mineralis in a pegmatite in the Nepheline syenites of Ilimaussaq, SW Greenland. Rep. 21st Int. geol. congr. Copenhagen. 27, 31-35.
• Sørensen, H. (1960). Narssak-egnens geologi/Narssap erkâta píngoriartorsimanera. (journal not rec.), 236-51.
• Sørensen, H. (1962). On the Occurrence of Steenstrupine in the Ilîmaussaq Massif, SW Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 167(1).
• Sørensen, H. (1967). On the History of Exploration of the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(3).
• Sørensen, H., J. Hansen & E. Bondesen (1969). Preliminary account of the geology of the Kvanefjeld area of the Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Rapp. 18.
• Sørensen, H.; Leonardsen, E.S. & Petersen, O.V. (1970). Trona and Thermonatrite from the Ilimaussaq alkaline intrusion, S Greenland. Min. Geol. Museum of the Univ., Copenhagen, Contri. Min. 77. 2 eks. Repr. Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark, 20(1), 1-19.
• Sørensen, H., M. Danø & O.V. Petersen (1971). On the Mineralogy and Paragenesis of Tugtupite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Bull. 95.
• Sørensen, H., M. Danø & O.V. Petersen (1971). On the Mineralogy and Paragenesis of Tugtupite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Min. Geol. Museum Univ., Copenhagen, Contr. Min. 80. Repr. Meddelelser om Grønland181(13).
• Sørensen, H., M. Danø & O.V. Petersen (1971). On the Mineralogy and Paragenesis of Tugtupite from the Ilîmaussaq Alkaline Intrusion, S Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland. 181(13).
• Sørensen, H., J. Rose-Hansen, B.L. Nielsen, L. Løvborg, E. Sørensen & T. Lundgaard (1974). The uranium deposit at Kvanefjeld, the Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, Rap. 60.
• Sørensen, H. (ed.) (2001). The Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, S Greenland: status of mineralogical research with new results. Geol. Greenland Survey Bull. 190.
• Stromeyer, F. (1819). Eudialyt. Gött.Gel.Anz. 3, 1993-2000. (Typ-Publ.)
• Upton, G.J. 1972(?). IV.3. The alkaline province of SW Greenland S.221-38 in H. Sørensen, The alkaline Rocks, J. Wiley & Sons:
• Upton, B.G.J, Hill; P.G., Johnsen, O., Petersen, O.V. (1978): Emeleusit: Min.Mag. 42, 31-34. (Typ-Publ.)
• Ussing, N.V. (1898): Mineralogisk-petrografiske Undersøgelser af grønlandske Nefelinsyenitter og beslægtede Bjærgarter, Meddelelser om Grønland 14, 1–220.
• Ussing, N.V. (1912): Geology of the country around Julianehaab, Greenland, Meddelelser om Grønland 38, 1–376.
• Winther, C. (1899). Britholit-(Ce). Meddr Gronland 24, p.II, 190-96. (Typ.Publ.)
• Wollenberg, H., H. Kunzendorf & J. Rose-Hansen (1971). Isotope-excited X-ray fluorescence analyses for Nb, Zr, and La-Ce on outcrops in the Ilimaussaq intrusion, S Greenland. Econ. Geol. 66, 1048-60.
• Lia N. Kogarko, Troels F. D. Nielsen: Compositional Variation of Eudialyte-Group Minerals from the Lovozero and Ilímaussaq Complexes and on the Origin of Peralkaline Systems. Minerals Vol. 11, Nr. 6 (2021) Art-Nr. 548.
• CegieÅ‚ka, M., BagiÅ„ski, B., Macdonald, R., Marciniak-Maliszewska, B., Stachowicz, M.: Ba-Fe titanates in peralkaline granite of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland. Acta Geologica Polonica Vol. 72, Nr. 1 (2022) S. 1−8.
• Verfasser: Philip Blümner